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In recent years, rapid development has led to an increased demand for river sand as a source of Construction material. This has resulted in a mushrooming of river sand mining activities which have given rise to various problems that require urgent action by the authorities. These include river bank erosion, river bed degradation, river buffer zone encroachment and deterioration of river water quality. Very often, over-mining occurs which jeopardises the health of the river and the environment in general.
There is a need for the Concern Department of Indian Authorities to be equipped with the necessary planning and management tools to deal with the problems that arise from river sand mining and the preparation of this guideline is an effort in this direction. This guideline consists of four chapters providing criteria for both in-stream and off-channel extraction of sand.
Replenishment Rate
The background on the theory of sediment transport in rivers, an important topic in determination of sand replenishment rate, is also included together with a discussion of the impacts of river sand mining. Recommendations for long-term management of sand extraction are also provided.Emphasis is also given to the setting up of monitoring plans that will provide data on profile changes and sediment transport capacity to enable the authorities to evaluate the long-term effect of the mining activities both upstream and downstream of sand extraction sites.
Transport Process
This guideline will enable Deptt engineers and sand-mining operators to acquire a good understanding of the theory of sediment transport process that determines the sand replenishment rate and hence the volume of sand that can be extracted from the reach of the river channel. The application of annual replenishment concept is key to ensuring long-term river channel stability as well the health of the aquatic and riparian habitats by allowing only a sustainable volume of sand based on the natural sediment transport process to be extracted. I wish to record my appreciation to all parties who were involved in preparing this guideline and I am confident that their contributions in producing a scientific and systematic approach to Effectively manage and control river sand mining will be appreciated by the users for many years to come.
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